Geomorphology

Margaret Sams has performed geomorphology and soil science studies during every phase of cultural resource investigations, on hundreds of large and small projects. A Pre-Phase I Geomorphology Reconnaissance can greatly increase the efficiency of testing for archaeological resources. Areas which are unsuitable for testing can be excluded, and the appropriate Phase I testing strategy can be determined according to the landforms and soils encountered. During Phase I, II and III surveys, soils and geomorphological data complements the archaeological information to assist in the delineation and interpretation of sites.

Project Experience:

• S.R. 6015, Tioga County, PA; Geomorphology Reconnaissance, and Phase I, II and III Investigations on the floodplains of the Tioga and Cowanesque Rivers
• S. R. 35 Mason county, WV; Geomorphology Reconnaissance and Phase I and II Investigations on the Kanawha River floodplain and surrounding uploads, including a rockshelter site.
• Central Susquehanna Valley (PA) Transportation Improvement Project; Geomorphology Reconnaissance and Phase I and II Survey on the Susquehanna River floodplain and adjacent terraces
• I-80 bridge widening over the West Branch Susquehanna River; Phase I, II and III Investigations; fill and disturbed soils over intact floodplain sediments
• Lock 13 State Park Improvements, Montgomery Co, NY; Phase I and II Survey on the floodplain of the Mohawk River and surrounding uplands
• Chipman’s Pond Road Relocation; Geomorphology Reconnaissance; Sussex Co, Delaware, alluvial settings and Christ’s Church structure and cemetery